a) Đặt \(\sqrt{2x-5}=t\) khi đó \(x=\frac{t^2+5}{2}\) , \(dx=tdt\)

Do vậy \(I_1=\int\frac{\frac{1}{4}\left(t^2+5\right)^2+3}{t^3}dt=\frac{1}{4}\int\frac{\left(t^4+10t^2+37\right)t}{t^3}dt\)

                \(=\frac{1}{4}\int\left(t^2+10+\frac{37}{t^2}\right)dt=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{t^3}{3}+10t-\frac{37}{t}\right)+C\)

Trở về biến x, thu được :

\(I_1=\frac{1}{12}\sqrt{\left(2x-5\right)^3}+\frac{5}{2}\sqrt{2x-5}-\frac{37}{4\sqrt{2x-5}}+C\)

b) \(I_2=\frac{1}{3}\int\frac{d\left(\ln\left(3x-1\right)\right)}{\ln\left(3x-1\right)}=\frac{1}{3}\ln\left|\ln\left(3x-1\right)\right|+C\)

c) \(I_3=\int\frac{1+\frac{1}{x^2}}{\sqrt{x^2-7+\frac{1}{x^2}}}dx=\int\frac{d\left(x-\frac{1}{x}\right)}{\sqrt{\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-5}}\)

Đặt \(x-\frac{1}{x}=t\)

\(\Rightarrow\) \(I_3=\int\frac{dt}{\sqrt{t^2-5}}=\ln\left|t+\sqrt{t^2-5}\right|+C\)

                           \(=\ln\left|x-\frac{1}{x}+\sqrt{x^2-7+\frac{1}{x^2}}\right|+C\)

Chịu thôi khó quá.

\(I=\int\dfrac{x^3dx}{\left(x^8-4\right)^2}\)

Đặt \(x^4=t\Rightarrow x^3dx=\dfrac{1}{4}dt\Rightarrow I=\dfrac{1}{4}\int\dfrac{dt}{\left(t^2-2\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{4}\int\dfrac{dt}{\left(t-\sqrt{2}\right)^2\left(t+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{32}\int\left(\dfrac{1}{t-\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{t+\sqrt{2}}\right)^2dt=\dfrac{1}{32}\int\left(\dfrac{1}{\left(t-\sqrt{2}\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(t+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}-\dfrac{2}{\left(t+\sqrt{2}\right)\left(t-\sqrt{2}\right)}\right)dt\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{32}\int\left(\dfrac{1}{\left(t-\sqrt{2}\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(t+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left(\dfrac{1}{t-\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{t+\sqrt{2}}\right)\right)dt\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{32}\left(\dfrac{-1}{t-\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{t+\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}ln\left|\dfrac{t-\sqrt{2}}{t+\sqrt{2}}\right|\right)+C\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{32}\left(\dfrac{-1}{x^4-\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{x^4+\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}ln\left|\dfrac{x^4-\sqrt{2}}{x^4+\sqrt{2}}\right|\right)+C\)

2/ \(I=\int\dfrac{\left(2x+1\right)dx}{\left(x^2+x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+3\right)}=\dfrac{1}{4}\int\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2+x-1}-\dfrac{1}{x^2+x+3}\right)\left(2x+1\right)dx\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{4}\int\left(\dfrac{2x+1}{x^2+x-1}-\dfrac{2x+1}{x^2+x+3}\right)dx\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\int\dfrac{d\left(x^2+x-1\right)}{x^2+x-1}-\int\dfrac{d\left(x^2+x+3\right)}{x^2+x+3}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{4}ln\left|\dfrac{x^2+x-1}{x^2+x+3}\right|+C\)

3/ Đặt \(\sqrt[3]{x}=t\Rightarrow x=t^3\Rightarrow dx=3t^2dt\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\int\dfrac{3t^2.sint.dt}{t^2}=3\int sint.dt=-3cost+C=-3cos\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)+C\)

4/ \(I=\int\dfrac{dx}{1+cos^2x}=\int\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{cos^2x}dx}{\dfrac{1}{cos^2x}+1}\)

Đặt \(t=tanx\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}dt=\dfrac{1}{cos^2x}dx\\\dfrac{1}{cos^2x}=1+tan^2x=1+t^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\int\dfrac{dt}{1+t^2+1}=\int\dfrac{dt}{t^2+2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\int\dfrac{dt}{\left(\dfrac{t}{\sqrt{2}}\right)^2+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}.\sqrt{2}.arctan\left(\dfrac{t}{\sqrt{2}}\right)+C=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}arctan\left(\dfrac{tanx}{\sqrt{2}}\right)+C\)

5/ \(I=\int\dfrac{sinx+cosx}{4+2sinx.cosx-sin^2x-cos^2x}dx=\int\dfrac{sinx+cosx}{4-\left(sinx-cosx\right)^2}dx\)

Đặt \(sinx-cosx=t\Rightarrow\left(cosx+sinx\right)dx=dt\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\int\dfrac{dt}{4-t^2}=-\int\dfrac{dt}{\left(t-2\right)\left(t+2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{4}\int\left(\dfrac{1}{t+2}-\dfrac{1}{t-2}\right)dt\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{4}ln\left|\dfrac{t+2}{t-2}\right|+C=\dfrac{1}{4}ln\left|\dfrac{sinx-cosx+2}{sinx-cosx-2}\right|+C\)

Ơ bài 1 nhầm số 4 thành số 2 rồi, bạn sửa lại 1 chút nhé :D

Còn 1 cách làm khác nữa là lượng giác hóa

Đặt \(x^4=2sint\Rightarrow x^3dx=\dfrac{1}{2}cost.dt\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\dfrac{1}{2}\int\dfrac{cost.dt}{\left(4sin^2t-4\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{32}\int\dfrac{cost.dt}{cos^4t}=\dfrac{1}{32}\int\dfrac{dt}{cos^3t}\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=\dfrac{1}{cost}\\dv=\dfrac{dt}{cos^2t}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=\dfrac{sint.dt}{cos^2t}\\v=tant\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow32I=\dfrac{tant}{cost}-\int\dfrac{tant.sint.dt}{cos^2t}=\dfrac{sint}{cos^2t}-\int\dfrac{sin^2t.dt}{cos^3t}\)

\(=\dfrac{sint}{1-sin^2t}-\int\dfrac{1-cos^2t}{cos^3t}dt=\dfrac{sint}{1-sin^2t}-\int\dfrac{dt}{cos^3t}+\int\dfrac{1}{cosx}dx\)

Chú ý rằng \(\int\dfrac{dt}{cos^3t}=32I\)

\(\Rightarrow32I=\dfrac{sint}{1-sin^2t}-32I+\int\dfrac{cost.dt}{cos^2t}\)

\(\Rightarrow64I=\dfrac{sint}{1-sin^2t}-\int\dfrac{d\left(sint\right)}{sin^2t-1}=\dfrac{sint}{1-sin^2t}-\dfrac{1}{2}ln\left|\dfrac{sint-1}{sint+1}\right|+C\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\dfrac{1}{64}\left(\dfrac{2x^4}{4-x^8}-\dfrac{1}{2}ln\left|\dfrac{x^4-2}{x^4+2}\right|\right)+C\)

1/ \(I=\int\dfrac{lnx}{\sqrt{x}}dx\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=lnx\\dv=\dfrac{dx}{\sqrt{x}}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=\dfrac{dx}{x}\\v=2\sqrt{x}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=2\sqrt{x}.lnx-2\int\dfrac{dx}{\sqrt{x}}=2\sqrt{x}lnx-4\sqrt{x}+C\)

2/ \(I=\int ln\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+1}\right)dx\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=ln\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+1}\right)\\dv=dx\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=\dfrac{dx}{\sqrt{x^2+1}}\\v=x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=x.ln\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+1}\right)-\int\dfrac{xdx}{\sqrt{x^2+1}}\)

\(=x.ln\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+1}\right)-\dfrac{1}{2}\int\dfrac{d\left(x^2+1\right)}{\sqrt{x^2+1}}\)

\(=x.ln\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+1}\right)-\sqrt{x^2+1}+C\)

3/ \(\int\left(x^2+2x+3\right)dx=\dfrac{x^3}{3}+x^2+3x+C\)

a)

Đặt \(u=\sqrt{x-3}\Rightarrow x=u^2+3\)

\(I_1=\int (2x-3)\sqrt{x-3}dx=\int (2u^2+3)ud(u^2+3)=2\int (2u^2+3)u^2du\)

\(\Leftrightarrow I_1=4\int u^4du+6\int u^2du=\frac{4u^5}{5}+2u^3+c\)

b)

\(I_2=\int \frac{xdx}{\sqrt{(x^2+1)^3}}=\frac{1}{2}\int \frac{d(x^2+1)}{\sqrt{(x^2+1)^2}}\)

Đặt \(u=\sqrt{x^2+1}\). Khi đó:

\(I_2=\frac{1}{2}\int \frac{d(u^2)}{u^3}=\int \frac{udu}{u^3}=\int \frac{du}{u^2}=\frac{-1}{u}+c\)

c)

\(I_3=\int \frac{e^xdx}{e^x+e^{-x}}=\int \frac{e^{2x}dx}{e^{2x}+1}=\frac{1}{2}\int\frac{d(e^{2x}+1)}{e^{2x}+1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow I_3=\frac{1}{3}\ln |e^{2x}+1|+c=\frac{1}{2}\ln|u|+c\)

d)

\(I_4=\int \frac{dx}{\sin x-\sin a}=\int \frac{dx}{2\cos \left ( \frac{x+a}{2} \right )\sin \left ( \frac{x-a}{2} \right )}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow I_4=\frac{1}{\cos a}\int \frac{\cos \left ( \frac{x+a}{2}-\frac{x-a}{2} \right )dx}{2\cos \left ( \frac{x+a}{2} \right )\sin \left ( \frac{x-a}{2} \right )}=\frac{1}{\cos a}\int \frac{\cos \left ( \frac{x-a}{2} \right )dx}{2\sin \left ( \frac{x-a}{2} \right )}+\frac{1}{\cos a}\int \frac{\sin \left ( \frac{x+a}{2} \right )dx}{2\cos \left ( \frac{x+a}{2} \right )}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow I_4=\frac{1}{\cos a}\left ( \ln |\sin \frac{x-a}{2}|-\ln |\cos \frac{x+a}{2}| \right )+c\)

e)

Đặt \(t=\sqrt{x}\Rightarrow x=t^2\)

\(I_5=\int t\sin td(t^2)=2\int t^2\sin tdt\)

Đặt \(\left\{\begin{matrix} u=t^2\\ dv=\sin tdt\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} du=2tdt\\ v=-\cos t\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I_5=-2t^2\cos t+4\int t\cos tdt\)

Tiếp tục nguyên hàm từng phần \(\Rightarrow \int t\cos tdt=t\sin t+\cos t+c\)

\(\Rightarrow I_5=-2t^2\cos t+4t\sin t+4\cos t+c\)

g)

Có \(I_6=\int x\ln \left ( \frac{x}{x+1} \right )dx=\int x\ln xdx-\int x\ln (x+1)dx\)

Đặt \(\left\{\begin{matrix} u=\ln x\\ dv=xdx\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} du=\frac{dx}{x}\\ v=\frac{x^2}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \int x\ln xdx=\frac{x^2\ln x}{2}-\int \frac{xdx}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \int x\ln xdx=\frac{x^2\ln x}{2}-\frac{x^2}{4}+c\)

Tương tự, \(\int x\ln (x+1)dx=\frac{x^2\ln (x+1)}{2}-\int \frac{x^2}{2(x+1)}dx\)

\(=\frac{x^2\ln (x+1)}{2}-\frac{x^2}{4}+\frac{x}{2}-\frac{\ln (x+1)}{2}+c\)

Suy ra \(I_5=\frac{x^2}{2}\ln \frac{x}{x+1}+\frac{1}{2}\ln|x+1|-\frac{x}{2}+c\)

Nhìn đề dữ dội y hệt cr của tui z :( Để làm từ từ 

Lập bảng xét dấu cho \(\left|x^2-1\right|\) trên đoạn \(\left[-2;2\right]\)

\(\left(-2;-1\right):+\)

\(\left(-1;1\right):-\)

\(\left(1;2\right):+\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\int\limits^{-1}_{-2}\left|x^2-1\right|dx+\int\limits^1_{-1}\left|x^2-1\right|dx+\int\limits^2_1\left|x^2-1\right|dx\)

\(=\int\limits^{-1}_{-2}\left(x^2-1\right)dx-\int\limits^1_{-1}\left(x^2-1\right)dx+\int\limits^2_1\left(x^2-1\right)dx\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{x^3}{3}-x\right)|^{-1}_{-2}-\left(\dfrac{x^3}{3}-x\right)|^1_{-1}+\left(\dfrac{x^3}{3}-x\right)|^2_1\)

Bạn tự thay cận vô tính nhé :), hiện mình ko cầm theo máy tính 

2/ \(I=\int\limits^e_1x^{\dfrac{1}{2}}.lnx.dx\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=lnx\\dv=x^{\dfrac{1}{2}}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=\dfrac{dx}{x}\\v=\dfrac{2}{3}.x^{\dfrac{3}{2}}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\dfrac{2}{3}.x^{\dfrac{3}{2}}.lnx|^e_1-\dfrac{2}{3}\int\limits^e_1x^{\dfrac{1}{2}}.dx\)

\(=\dfrac{2}{3}.x^{\dfrac{3}{2}}.lnx|^e_1-\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{2}{3}.x^{\dfrac{3}{2}}|^e_1=...\)

3/ \(I=\int\limits^{\dfrac{\pi}{2}}_0e^{\sin x}.\cos x.dx+\int\limits^{\dfrac{\pi}{2}}_0\cos^2x.dx\)

Xét \(A=\int\limits^{\dfrac{\pi}{2}}_0e^{\sin x}.\cos x.dx\)

\(t=\sin x\Rightarrow dt=\cos x.dx\Rightarrow A=\int\limits^{\dfrac{\pi}{2}}_0e^t.dt=e^{\sin x}|^{\dfrac{\pi}{2}}_0\)

Xét \(B=\int\limits^{\dfrac{\pi}{2}}_0\cos^2x.dx\)

\(=\int\limits^{\dfrac{\pi}{2}}_0\dfrac{1+\cos2x}{2}.dx=\dfrac{1}{2}.\int\limits^{\dfrac{\pi}{2}}_0dx+\dfrac{1}{2}\int\limits^{\dfrac{\pi}{2}}_0\cos2x.dx\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}x|^{\dfrac{\pi}{2}}_0+\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{2}\sin2x|^{\dfrac{\pi}{2}}_0\)

I=A+B=...

1/ \(I=\int\limits^1_0\dfrac{2x+1}{x^2+x+1}dx=\int\limits^1_0\dfrac{d\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{x^2+x+1}=ln\left|x^2+x+1\right||^1_0=ln3\)

2/ \(\int\limits^{\dfrac{1}{2}}_0\dfrac{5x}{\left(1-x^2\right)^3}dx=-\dfrac{5}{2}\int\limits^{\dfrac{1}{2}}_0\dfrac{d\left(1-x^2\right)}{\left(1-x^2\right)^3}=\dfrac{5}{4}\dfrac{1}{\left(1-x^2\right)^2}|^{\dfrac{1}{2}}_0=\dfrac{35}{36}\)

3/ \(\int\limits^1_0\dfrac{2x}{\left(x+1\right)^3}dx\Rightarrow\) đặt \(x+1=t\Rightarrow x=t-1\Rightarrow dx=dt;\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\Rightarrow t=1\\x=1\Rightarrow t=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(I=\int\limits^2_1\dfrac{2\left(t-1\right)dt}{t^3}=\int\limits^2_1\left(\dfrac{2}{t^2}-\dfrac{2}{t^3}\right)dt=\left(\dfrac{-2}{t}+\dfrac{1}{t^2}\right)|^2_1=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

4/ \(\int\limits^1_0\dfrac{4x-2}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}dx\)

Kĩ thuật chung là tách và sử dụng hệ số bất định như sau:

\(\dfrac{4x-2}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{ax+b}{x^2+1}+\dfrac{c}{x+2}=\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)x^2+\left(2a+b\right)x+2b+c}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+c=0\\2a+b=4\\2b+c=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=0\\a=-c=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\int\limits^1_0\left(\dfrac{2x}{x^2+1}-\dfrac{2}{x+2}\right)dx=\int\limits^1_0\dfrac{d\left(x^2+1\right)}{x^2+1}-2\int\limits^1_0\dfrac{d\left(x+2\right)}{x+2}=ln\dfrac{8}{9}\)

5/ \(\int\limits^1_0\dfrac{x^2dx}{x^6-9}\Rightarrow\) đặt \(x^3=t\Rightarrow3x^2dx=dt\Rightarrow x^2dx=\dfrac{1}{3}dt;\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\Rightarrow t=0\\x=1\Rightarrow t=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(I=\dfrac{1}{3}\int\limits^1_0\dfrac{dt}{t^2-9}=\dfrac{1}{18}\int\limits^1_0\left(\dfrac{1}{t-3}-\dfrac{1}{t+3}\right)dt=\dfrac{1}{18}ln\left|\dfrac{t-3}{t+3}\right||^1_0=-\dfrac{1}{18}ln2\)

6/ Tương tự câu 4, sử dụng hệ số bất định ta tách được:

\(\int\limits^2_1\dfrac{2x-1}{x^2\left(x+1\right)}dx=\int\limits^2_1\left(\dfrac{3x-1}{x^2}-\dfrac{3}{x+1}\right)dx=\int\limits^2_1\left(\dfrac{3}{x}-\dfrac{1}{x^2}-\dfrac{3}{x+1}\right)dx\)

\(=\left(3ln\left|\dfrac{x}{x+1}\right|+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)|^2_1=3ln\dfrac{4}{3}-\dfrac{1}{2}\)